根據(jù)德國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)DIN50150,以下是常用范圍的鋼材抗拉強(qiáng)度與維氏硬度、布氏硬度、洛氏硬度的對(duì)照表。
|
Rm N/mm2
|
維氏硬度HV
|
布氏硬度HB
|
洛氏硬度HRC
|
洛氏硬度HRB
|
|
250
|
80
|
76
|
-
|
|
|
270
|
85
|
80.7
|
-
|
|
|
285
|
90
|
85.2
|
-
|
|
|
305
|
95
|
90.2
|
-
|
|
|
320
|
100
|
95
|
-
|
|
|
335
|
105
|
99.8
|
-
|
|
|
350
|
110
|
105
|
-
|
|
|
370
|
115
|
109
|
-
|
|
|
380
|
120
|
114
|
-
|
|
|
400
|
125
|
119
|
-
|
64.5
|
|
415
|
130
|
124
|
-
|
67.5
|
|
430
|
135
|
128
|
-
|
70
|
|
450
|
140
|
133
|
-
|
73
|
|
465
|
145
|
138
|
-
|
75
|
|
480
|
150
|
143
|
-
|
77
|
|
490
|
155
|
147
|
-
|
78
|
|
510
|
160
|
152
|
-
|
80
|
|
530
|
165
|
156
|
-
|
82.1
|
|
545
|
170
|
162
|
-
|
84
|
|
560
|
175
|
166
|
-
|
84.9
|
|
575
|
180
|
171
|
-
|
86
|
|
595
|
185
|
176
|
-
|
87.5
|
|
610
|
190
|
181
|
-
|
88.6
|
|
625
|
195
|
185
|
-
|
89.6
|
|
640
|
200
|
190
|
-
|
90.9
|
|
660
|
205
|
195
|
-
|
92
|
|
675
|
210
|
199
|
-
|
93
|
|
690
|
215
|
204
|
-
|
94
|
|
705
|
220
|
209
|
-
|
95
|
|
720
|
225
|
214
|
-
|
95.6
|
|
740
|
230
|
219
|
-
|
97
|
|
755
|
235
|
223
|
-
|
97.5
|
|
770
|
240
|
228
|
20.3
|
98.4
|
|
785
|
245
|
233
|
21.3
|
99
|
|
800
|
250
|
238
|
22.2
|
100
|
|
820
|
255
|
242
|
23.1
|
101
|
|
835
|
260
|
247
|
24
|
|
|
850
|
265
|
252
|
24.8
|
|
|
865
|
270
|
257
|
25.6
|
|
|
880
|
275
|
261
|
26.4
|
103
|
|
900
|
280
|
266
|
27.1
|
|
|
915
|
285
|
271
|
27.8
|
|
|
930
|
290
|
276
|
28.5
|
|
|
950
|
295
|
280
|
29.2
|
105.5
|
|
965
|
300
|
285
|
29.8
|
|
|
995
|
310
|
295
|
31
|
|
|
1030
|
320
|
304
|
32.2
|
|
|
1060
|
330
|
314
|
33.3
|
|
|
1095
|
340
|
323
|
34.4
|
|
|
1125
|
350
|
333
|
35.5
|
|
|
1115
|
360
|
342
|
36.6
|
|
|
1190
|
370
|
352
|
37.7
|
|
|
1220
|
380
|
361
|
38.8
|
|
|
1255
|
390
|
371
|
39.8
|
|
|
1290
|
400
|
380
|
40.8
|
|
|
1320
|
410
|
390
|
41.8
|
|
|
1350
|
420
|
399
|
42.7
|
|
|
1385
|
430
|
409
|
43.6
|
|
|
1420
|
440
|
418
|
44.5
|
|
|
1455
|
450
|
428
|
45.3
|
|
|
1485
|
460
|
437
|
46.1
|
|
|
1520
|
470
|
447
|
46.9
|
|
|
1555
|
480
|
-456
|
47.7
|
|
|
1595
|
490
|
-466
|
48.4
|
|
|
1630
|
500
|
-475
|
49.1
|
|
|
1665
|
510
|
-485
|
49.8
|
|
|
1700
|
520
|
-494
|
50.5
|
|
|
1740
|
530
|
-504
|
51.1
|
|
|
1775
|
540
|
-513
|
51.7
|
|
|
1810
|
550
|
-523
|
52.3
|
|
|
1845
|
560
|
-532
|
53
|
|
|
1880
|
570
|
-542
|
53.6
|
|
|
1920
|
580
|
-551
|
54.1
|
|
|
1955
|
590
|
-561
|
54.7
|
|
|
1995
|
600
|
-570
|
55.2
|
|
|
2030
|
610
|
-580
|
55.7
|
|
|
2070
|
620
|
-589
|
56.3
|
|
|
2105
|
630
|
-599
|
56.8
|
|
|
2145
|
640
|
-608
|
57.3
|
|
|
2180
|
650
|
-618
|
57.8
|
|
|
|
660
|
|
58.3
|
|
|
|
670
|
|
58.8
|
|
|
|
680
|
|
59.2
|
|
|
|
690
|
|
59.7
|
|
|
|
700
|
|
60.1
|
|
|
|
720
|
|
61
|
|
|
|
740
|
|
61.8
|
|
|
|
760
|
|
62.5
|
|
|
|
780
|
|
63.3
|
|
|
|
800
|
|
64
|
|
|
|
820
|
|
64.7
|
|
|
|
840
|
|
65.3
|
|
|
|
860
|
|
65.9
|
|
|
|
880
|
|
66.4
|
|
|
|
900
|
|
67
|
|
|
|
920
|
|
67.5
|
|
|
|
940
|
|
68
|
|
硬度試驗(yàn)是機(jī)械性能試驗(yàn)中簡單易行的一種試驗(yàn)方法。為了能用硬度試驗(yàn)代替某些機(jī)械性能試驗(yàn)，生產(chǎn)上需要一個(gè)比較準(zhǔn)確的硬度和強(qiáng)度的換算關(guān)系。
實(shí)踐證明，金屬材料的各種硬度值之間，硬度值與強(qiáng)度值之間具有近似的相應(yīng)關(guān)系。因?yàn)橛捕戎凳怯善鹗妓苄宰冃慰沽屠^續(xù)塑性變形抗力決定的，材料的強(qiáng)度越高，塑性變形抗力越高，硬度值也越高。
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